WOFAPS 2025 8th World Congress of Pediatric Surgery

Junwen Zhang, Liying Sun

National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to review the clinical findings, histopathological studies, treatment, and prognosis of Müllerian Papilloma—other rare tumoral lesions presented as prepubertal vaginal bleeding were discussed as part of differential diagnosis.

Method: The present study describes a two-year-old, ten-month-old girl diagnosed with Benign Müllerian Papilloma. Müllerian Papillomas are rare entities of benign tumors that predominantly affect prepubertal females and are mostly present with vaginal bleeding. Its natural history is still unknown. There were two reported cases of malignant changes. The long-term follow-up remains a question. Articles focused on pathological diagnosis, malignant transformation, Müllerian papilloma, and prepubertal vaginal bleeding were searched using PubMed and Chinese medical journal databases. Clinical findings and history assist pathologists in reaching accurate diagnoses. A literature review revealed that other rare entities of non-cutaneous cases causing prepubertal genital bleeding include Vaginal Müllerian Cysts, Yolk Sac tumors, Pyogenic granuloma, infantile hemangioma, and Malignant transformation in Müllerian Papillomas. Integrating histology and clinical findings is essential, with communication between clinicians and pathologists fundamental in its diagnosis.